Umshini wephepha wohlobo lwe-Fourdrinier wasungulwa yindoda yaseFrance uNicholas Louis Robert ngonyaka ka-1799, ngemuva nje kwalokho indoda yaseNgilandi uJoseph Bramah yasungula umshini wohlobo lwe-cylinder mold ngonyaka ka-1805, yaqala ukuphakamisa umqondo kanye nesithombe sokwakheka kwephepha le-cylinder mold ku-patent yayo, kodwa ilungelo lobunikazi likaBramah alikaze ligcwaliseke. Ngonyaka ka-1807, indoda yaseMelika egama linguCharles Kinsey yaphinde yaphakamisa umqondo wokwakheka kwephepha le-cylinder mold futhi yathola ilungelo lobunikazi, kodwa futhi lo mqondo awukaze usetshenziswe futhi usetshenziswe. Ngonyaka ka-1809, indoda yaseNgilandi egama linguJohn Dickinson yaphakamisa ukwakhiwa komshini we-cylinder mold futhi yathola ilungelo lobunikazi, ngonyaka ofanayo, umshini wokuqala we-cylinder mold wasungulwa futhi wafakwa ekukhiqizweni emshinini wayo wephepha. Umshini we-cylinder mold kaDickinson uyiphayona futhi uyisibonelo salowo owayeyi-cylinder mold, ubhekwa njengomsunguli weqiniso womshini wephepha le-cylinder mold ngabacwaningi abaningi.
Umshini wephepha wohlobo lwesikhunta sesilinda ungakhiqiza zonke izinhlobo zephepha, kusukela ephepheni elincane lasehhovisi nelasekhaya kuya ebhodini lephepha elijiyile, unezinzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza okulula, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, indawo encane yokufaka kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi njll. Ngisho nesivinini sokusebenza komshini sisemuva kakhulu komshini wohlobo lwe-fourdrinier kanye nomshini wohlobo lwezintambo eziningi, usenendawo yawo embonini yokukhiqiza iphepha yanamuhla.
Ngokwezici zesakhiwo sesigaba sesikhunta sesilinda kanye nesigaba sokomisa, inani lesikhunta nesilinda, umshini wephepha lesilinda ungahlukaniswa ube umshini wokomisa owodwa wesilinda esisodwa, umshini wokomisa kabili wesilinda esisodwa, umshini wokomisa owodwa wesilinda esisodwa, umshini wokomisa kabili wesilinda esisodwa kanye nomshini wokomisa omningi wesilinda esiningi. Phakathi kwawo, umshini wokomisa owodwa wesilinda esisodwa usetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza iphepha elicwebezelayo elincanyana elinohlangothi olulodwa njengephepha leposi kanye nephepha lasekhaya njll. Umshini wokomisa kabili wesilinda esisodwa usetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza iphepha lokunyathelisa elinobunzima obuphakathi, iphepha lokubhala, iphepha lokusonga kanye nephepha eliyisisekelo elihlanganisiwe njll. Ibhodi lephepha elinesisindo esiphezulu, njengekhadibhodi elimhlophe kanye nebhodi lebhokisi likhetha kakhulu umshini wephepha wokomisa omningi wesilinda esiningi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-14-2022