Umhlahlandlela wokubala kanye Nokuthuthukisa Ikhono Lokukhiqiza Umshini Wephepha

Umhlahlandlela wokubala kanye Nokuthuthukisa Ikhono Lokukhiqiza Umshini Wephepha

Amandla okukhiqiza omshini wephepha iyimethrikhi ewumnyombo yokulinganisa ukusebenza kahle, okunomthelela ngokuqondile ekuphumeni kwenkampani nokusebenza komnotho. Lesi sihloko sinikeza incazelo enemininingwane yefomula yokubala yamandla okukhiqiza umshini wephepha, incazelo yepharamitha ngayinye, namasu okuthuthukisa izici ezibalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqiza.

1. Ifomula yokubala Yekhono Lokukhiqiza Umshini Wephepha

Umthamo wangempela wokukhiqiza (G) yomshini wephepha ingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo:

Izincazelo zamapharamitha:

• G: Amandla okukhiqiza omshini wephepha (amathani/usuku, t/d)
• U: Isivinini somshini (amamitha/umzuzu, m/min)
• B_m: Ububanzi bewebhu ku-reel (ububanzi bokunquma, amamitha, m)
• q: Isisekelo sesisindo sephepha (amagremu/isikwele mitha, g/m²)
• K_1: Isilinganiso samahora okusebenza nsuku zonke (imvamisa amahora angama-22.5–23, ukubalwa kwemisebenzi edingekayo njengokuhlanza izintambo nokuwashwa okuzwakalayo)
• K_2: Ukusebenza kahle komshini (isilinganiso sephepha elisebenzisekayo elikhiqiziwe)
• K_3: Isivuno somkhiqizo esiqediwe (isilinganiso sephepha lekhwalithi eyamukelekayo)

Isibonelo sokubala:Cabanga ngomshini wephepha onalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• IsivininiU = 500 m/min
• Sika ububanziB_m = 5 m
• Isisindo esiyisisekeloq = 80 g/m²
• Amahora okusebenzaK_1 = 23 h
• Ukusebenza kahle komshiniK_2 = 95%(0.95)
• Isivuno somkhiqizo esiqediweK_3 = 90%(0.90)

Ukufaka esikhundleni sefomula:

Ngakho, umthamo wansuku zonke wokukhiqiza cishe236 amathani.

2. Izinto Ezibalulekile Ezithinta Ikhono Lokukhiqiza

1. Isivinini somshini (U)

• Umthelela: Isivinini esiphezulu sinyusa okukhiphayo ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye.
• Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa:
  • Sebenzisa amasistimu okushayela asebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwemishini.
  • Lungiselela ukususa amanzi ekugcineni okumanzi ukuze uvimbele ukunqamuka kwewebhu ngesivinini esikhulu.

2. Sika Ububanzi (B_m)

• Umthelela: Ububanzi bewebhu obubanzi bukhuphula indawo yokukhiqiza ngokudlula ngakunye.
• Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa:
  • Yakha i-headbox ngendlela efanele ukuze uqinisekise ukwakheka okufanayo kwewebhu.
  • Sebenzisa amasistimu okulawula unqenqema oluzenzakalelayo ukuze unciphise udoti wokunquma.

3. Isisindo Esiyisisekelo (q)

• Umthelela: Isisindo sesisekelo esiphezulu sinyusa isisindo sephepha endaweni ngayinye kodwa singanciphisa isivinini.
• Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa:
  • Lungisa isisindo esiyisisekelo esisekelwe esidingweni semakethe (isb., iphepha eliwugqinsi lokupakishwa).
  • Lungiselela ukwakheka kwe-pulp ukuze uthuthukise ukuhlangana kwe-fiber.

4. Amahora Okusebenza (K_1)

• Umthelela: Isikhathi eside sokukhiqiza sinyusa ukuphuma kwansuku zonke.
• Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa:
  • Sebenzisa amasistimu okuhlanza azenzakalelayo ezintambo namafehewu ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokuphumula.
  • Sebenzisa amashejuli okuvikela okulungisa ukuze unciphise ukwehluleka okungalindelekile.

5. Ukusebenza Kahle Komshini (K_2)

• Umthelela: Ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kuholela ekumosheni okubalulekile kwe-pulp.
• Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa:
  • Lungiselela ukwakheka kweshidi nokususa amanzi ukuze unciphise amakhefu.
  • Sebenzisa izinzwa ezinemba okuphezulu zokuqapha ikhwalithi yesikhathi sangempela.

6. Umkhiqizo Ophelile (K_3)

• Umthelela: Isivuno esiphansi siphumela ekusebenzeni kabusha noma ekuthengisweni okwehlisiwe.
• Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa:
  • Thuthukisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kwengxenye yokomisa ukuze unciphise amaphutha (isb, amabhamuza, imibimbi).
  • Sebenzisa amasistimu okuhlola ikhwalithi aqinile (isb, ukutholwa kwamaphutha ku-inthanethi).

3. Ukubalwa Nokuphathwa Kwemikhiqizo Yonyaka

1. Isilinganiso Sokukhiqiza Sonyaka

Ukukhiqizwa konyaka (G_unyaka) ingabalwa ngokuthi:

• T: Izinsuku zokukhiqiza ezisebenzayo ngonyaka

Ngokuvamile, izinsuku zokukhiqiza ezisebenzayo ziyiIzinsuku ezingama-330-340(izinsuku ezisele zibekelwe ukugcinwa).

Iqhubeka nesibonelo:NgokucabangelaIzinsuku zokukhiqiza ezingama-335/ngonyaka, umphumela wonyaka uthi:

2. Amasu Okukhulisa Ukukhiqiza Kwaminyaka Yonke

• Nweba impilo yemishini: Shintsha njalo izingxenye ezigugile (isb., izinsimbi, izindwani zikadokotela).
• Ukuhlela ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile: Sebenzisa idatha enkulu ukuze ulungiselele imijikelezo yokukhiqiza.
• Ukuthuthukisa amandla: Faka amasistimu okubuyisela ukushisa kwemfucuza ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuphumula.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda ukubalwa kwamandla okukhiqiza umshini wephepha nokuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo amapharamitha angukhiye kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza inzuzo.

Ukuze uthole izingxoxo ezengeziwe kuukwenziwa ngcono kokukhiqizwa kwephepha, zizwe ukhululekile ukubonisana!